acme: answer HTTP-01 from the server itself, on port 80

HTTP-01 always arrives on port 80 - the CA chooses the port, not the operator -
so it never collides with an admin UI on 443. The conflict only exists for
TLS-ALPN-01, which is the challenge type that does use 443.

Given that, the server keeps a permanent listener on 80 that answers challenges
from a webroot and redirects everything else to the admin UI. Same arrangement
as the webroot plugins for Apache and nginx, and better than letting the ACME
client bind 80 per renewal: nothing binds and unbinds, so a renewal cannot fail
because the port was briefly busy, and the client needs only write access to a
directory instead of the privilege to bind a low port. Port 80 also gets a use
it would want anyway.

The ACME client stays an external program. lego is also a Go library, but
importing it would put a large dependency tree into a server that deliberately
has none, and the CLI does the same job from a timer.

Tokens are validated by *shape* before any filesystem call, so traversal never
reaches the disk - a stronger guarantee than sanitising a path and trusting the
sanitiser.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

server/internal/acmehttp/acmehttp_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2026 Echolot contributors
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+
+package acmehttp
+
+import (
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func serve(t *testing.T, redirectTo string) (http.Handler, string) {
+	t.Helper()
+	root := t.TempDir()
+	if err := EnsureWebroot(root); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	return Handler(root, redirectTo), root
+}
+
+func TestServesAChallengeTokenWrittenByAnAcmeClient(t *testing.T) {
+	h, root := serve(t, "https://admin.example.net")
+	// Exactly what `lego --http.webroot` writes.
+	token := "abc-123_XYZ"
+	want := "abc-123_XYZ.keyauthorization-part"
+	if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(root, ".well-known", "acme-challenge", token), []byte(want), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	rec := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	h.ServeHTTP(rec, httptest.NewRequest("GET", ChallengePath+token, nil))
+	if rec.Code != 200 {
+		t.Fatalf("challenge not served: %d", rec.Code)
+	}
+	if rec.Body.String() != want {
+		t.Fatalf("body = %q, want %q", rec.Body.String(), want)
+	}
+}
+
+// The token comes from the network and is used to build a path. Rejecting by *shape* means
+// traversal never reaches the filesystem at all, which is a stronger guarantee than sanitising.
+func TestTraversalNeverTouchesTheFilesystem(t *testing.T) {
+	h, root := serve(t, "https://admin.example.net")
+	secret := filepath.Join(filepath.Dir(root), "secret.txt")
+	if err := os.WriteFile(secret, []byte("do not serve me"), 0o600); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	for _, bad := range []string{
+		"../secret.txt",
+		"..%2Fsecret.txt",
+		"../../etc/passwd",
+		"..",
+		".",
+		"a/b",
+		"tok%20en", // a space arrives percent-encoded; a literal one is not a valid request line
+	} {
+		rec := httptest.NewRecorder()
+		h.ServeHTTP(rec, httptest.NewRequest("GET", ChallengePath+bad, nil))
+		if rec.Code == 200 && rec.Body.String() == "do not serve me" {
+			t.Fatalf("served a file outside the challenge directory via %q", bad)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestEverythingElseRedirectsToHTTPS(t *testing.T) {
+	h, _ := serve(t, "https://admin.example.net")
+	rec := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	h.ServeHTTP(rec, httptest.NewRequest("GET", "/devices?page=2", nil))
+	if rec.Code != http.StatusPermanentRedirect {
+		t.Fatalf("code = %d, want 308", rec.Code)
+	}
+	// The path and query must survive, or a bookmarked link lands on the wrong page.
+	if got := rec.Header().Get("Location"); got != "https://admin.example.net/devices?page=2" {
+		t.Fatalf("Location = %q", got)
+	}
+}
+
+// With no admin URL configured there is nowhere to send people, and inventing one would be worse
+// than saying so.
+func TestNoRedirectTargetIsHonest(t *testing.T) {
+	h, _ := serve(t, "")
+	rec := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	h.ServeHTTP(rec, httptest.NewRequest("GET", "/", nil))
+	if rec.Code != http.StatusNotFound {
+		t.Fatalf("code = %d, want 404", rec.Code)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMissingTokenIsNotFound(t *testing.T) {
+	h, _ := serve(t, "https://admin.example.net")
+	rec := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	h.ServeHTTP(rec, httptest.NewRequest("GET", ChallengePath+"never-written", nil))
+	if rec.Code != http.StatusNotFound {
+		t.Fatalf("code = %d, want 404", rec.Code)
+	}
+}